Allergy Treatment (Allergy Relief) Information
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Effective Allergy Treatment -
tired of the allergy symptoms associated with both indoor and outdoor
allergens. Zyrtec is the only prescription antihistamine
that is approved to treat both year round indoor and outdoor allergies.
So whether you suffer from allergies secondary to dogs, cats, pets,
pollen, ragweed, dander, mildew, dust, mold, feathers, etc. Zyrtec will
provide 24-hour allergy treatment. That is correct 24 hour relief from
allergy symptoms.
Why do so many doctors prescribe Zyrtec allergy
teatment:
Positive Results - in a recent survey of
individuals who rely on Zyrtec allergy medication 4 out of 5 adults were
satisfied with Zytec. Some 99% of these satisfied individuals stated
that they would definitely or probably continue to use Zyrtec allergy
treatment.
Fast Allergy Treatment - in two clinical
studies in an artificially controlled pollen environment, individuals
prescribed Zyrtec experienced significant relief of their symptoms
within 20 minutes.
Long Term Allergy Treatment - studies show
that one dose of Zyrtec provides up to twenty four hours of relief from
allergy symptoms.
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other allergy treatment
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Zyrtec is an antihistamine that works by
blocking the action on histamine, when antibodies latch onto mast cells,
the mast cells release histamine, a chemical that causes blood vessels
in the nose to dilate and leak fluid into surrounding tissue. This
results in swelling, itching and nasal discharge. By blocking the
release of histamine allergy symptoms are significantly decreased.
Additional Allergy Treatment Information
The following allergy treatment information section has been compiled
from a variety of resources in order to give the reader an overview of
allergies:
What are Allergies?
An allergy is defined as an abnormally high
sensitivity to certain substances, such as pollens, foods, or
microorganisms. Common indications of allergy may include sneezing,
itching, and skin rashes.
Allergies represent one of the most common
medical disorders, an estimated one in five individuals suffer from some
form of allergies. Reports indicate that allergies are the most common
reason for absence from work in adults.
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What are the different types of allergic reactions?
Allergies can be distinguished into three types based on there
reaction time:
Anaphylaxis - represents an allergic reaction that occurs in
minutes. Local symptoms can include urticaria, mucosal swelling and
secretions, circulatory shock, spasm of the bronchial muscles (asthma),
etc. Anaphylaxis is an allergic reaction to antigens (e.g. foreign
proteins, drugs, etc.) with which the body as been previously exposed.
Type E antibodies (IgE) -
induced at the initial contact bind to cells with IgE receptors, chiefly
mast cells and basophilic granulocytes. If an antigen-antibody reacts
occurs at the second contact, the granules of these cells release
histamine and other substances that contribute to the immune response.
In extreme case the release of histamine can result anaphylactic shock
or a sudden, severe allergic reaction characterized by a sharp drop in
blood pressure, urticaria, and breathing difficulties that is caused by
exposure to a foreign substance, such as a drug or bee venom, after a
preliminary or sensitizing exposure. The reaction may be fatal if
emergency treatment, including epinephrine injections, is not given
immediately.
Immune complex reaction - represent an
allergic reaction that occurs in hours or days. A common type of immune
complex reaction would be a skin reaction that proceeds to necrosis,
serum disease with fever, urticaria,swelling of the lymph nodes and
joints, proteinuria, etc.
Delayed type reaction - were the reaction
time can be days to weeks. Local symptoms in the delayed type reaction
including flushing, fever, nausea, etc. This type of reaction is
characterized by the reaction to poison ivy.
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What are some of the treatment options for individuals who suffer from
allergy symptoms?
The primary goal of allergy treatment is to reduce allergy symptoms
caused by the inflammation of affected tissues. The best treatment of
allergies is to avoid the things that you are allergens that are
responsible for your symptoms. However, in many cases it is nearly
impossible to avoid these allergens.
Today, the primary treatment of allergies is
the use of medications:
Short-acting antihistamines
Short-acting antihistamines are generally over the
counter medications that can relieve mild to moderate symptoms. However,
these antihistamines usually cause drowsiness, Benedryl
(diphenhydramine) is an example of a short-acting antihistmaine.
Long-acting antihistamines
Long-acting antihistamines are usually
prescription medications that can relieve the symptoms of more severe
allergy symptoms. These antihistamines provide excellent relief from
common allergy sympotoms for most individuals. Examples of long-acting
antihistamines include Zyrtec, (cetirizine), Claritin
(loratadine), Allegra (fexofenadine).
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Decongestants
Decongestants may also be useful in reducing
allergy symptoms. Decongestants are offered in an oral pill and a nasal
spray. However, nasal spray decongestants should not be prescribed for
more than several days, secondary to the potential for a "rebound"
effect which will make the congestion worse. Once "rebound" effect has
occurred the nose remains stuffy or gets worse with every dose. The only
way to stop the cycle is to stop using the medication. The stuffiness
should then go away within about a week. Individuals that who show signs
of severe rebound congestion should also contact his or her physician.
Some decongestants cause drowsiness. Individuals
who take decongestants medications should not drive, use machines or do
anything else that might be dangerous until they have found out how the
medication might effect their judgment.
Mast cell stabilizers
Cromolyn sodium prevents the release of mast cell
granules, thereby preventing the release of histamine and other
chemicals contained in them. Cromolyn acts as a preventive treatment if
it is begun several weeks before the onset of the allergy season. It can
also be used for year round allergy prevention. Cromolyn sodium is
available as a nasal spray (Nasalcrom) for allergic rhinitis, aerosol
form for asthma , eye drops for itchy, bloodshot eyes.
Corticosteroids
Corticosteroid are often used individuals with
symptoms not relieved by antihistamines and decongestants, nasal
corticosteroid sprays can offer significant relief. Inhaled steroids are
synthetic steroids that can be taken in through the nose or mouth. These
steroid medications reduce the inflammation in either your lungs, which
associated with asthma and/or your nose, associated with nasal
allergies. Examples of prescription corticosteroid sprays include:
Nasacort AQ (triamcinolone), Flonase (fluticasone), Nasonex
(mometasone).
Immunotherapy (injections)
Immunotherapy is a process in which an allergic
patient can become desensitized to those pollens and inhalants that
trigger allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis (nasal congestion),
asthma, insect reactions, etc. Small doses of the actual allergic
substance are injected into the patient on a weekly basis (each week the
dose is gradually increased). Gradually a protective antibody, also
known as Immunoglobulin G, is formed to block the allergic reaction.
When someone has allergy, they have high levels of the allergic
antibody, Immunoglobulin E (IgE), in their blood. This IgE is activated
by the allergen e.g. ragweed, dust mites, cat, etc), and it attaches
itself to "mast" cells that release histamine. The histamine causes a
release of a fluid that causes swelling and congestion. It can cause a
tightening of the airways to create asthma.
The change induced by immunotherapy represents a
slow process. Most patients begin to notice an improvement within six
months of treatment. Clinical studies show that immunotherapy is
beneficial in some 95% of patients who were correctly diagnosed to have
allergies.
Allergy Treatment Conclusions
Long-acting antihistamines represent the allergy
treatment of choice for most physicians. These
medications will relieve the symptoms of most allergy symptoms. Without
question, Zyrtec is the allergy treatment drug of choice.
Zyrtec
is the only leading prescription antihistamine that is approved to treat
both year round indoor and outdoor allergies. Other leading prescription
allergy treatment medications are only
approved to treat outdoor allergies. Just one Zyrtec tablet can last 24
hours! So whether you suffer from allergies secondary to dogs, cats,
pets, pollen, ragweed, dander, mildew, dust, mold, feathers, etc. Zyrtec
will provide 24-hour relief.
Buy the allergy treatment, Zyrtec, recommended by more doctors than any
other allergy treatment
(click here for details).
More Allergy Information
How do allergies enter the body?
Allergens enter the body via four main routes including the airways,
circulatory system, skin and the gastrointestinal tract. Individuals
with allergies are not equally sensitive to all allergens. Allergies may
wax and wane over time e.g. a childhood ragweed allergy may progress to
year round dust and pollen allergy. While an individual may lose
sensitivity to an allergen e.g. a child with atopic dermatitis that
gradually disappears as the child ages.
What causes allergy symptoms?
The exact reason why specific allergies develop is unknown, however, the
cause of allergy symptoms is a direct response of the immune system.
Generally, the immune system seeks, recognizes and fights viruses,
bacteria, and other intruders.
The body's main defense against bacteria, viruses,
etc. are specialized molecules called antibodies. These antibodies
include lymphocytes or the white blood cells produced in the bone
morrow. The lymphocytes interact with antigens and release specific
antibodies that attack the antigens.
Whenever lymphocytes are activated a few of them
become what is known as "memory" cells. These "memory" cells are
programmed to remember antigens and destroy them when they reenter the
body. This represents the long-term memory which is referred to as
acquired immunity and is the reason most individuals do not fall prey to
the same virus or bacteria over and over.
Since individuals encounter such a wide variety
of foreign substance each day via their beverages, food, medications,
etc. the immune system is not designed to attack every foreign entrant.
Instead, the immune system selectively seeks out only those germs or
invading antigens that are perceived as potentially dangerous to the
body. Therefore, when you inherit the genetic tendency to develop
allergies, the immune system selectively misreads foreign substances, as
being dangerous. Antibodies then react to what should be harmless food,
pollen, chemicals, or other allergens causing an immune response. This
immune response is what is responsible for the common allergy symptoms
that effect so many individuals.
The mediating chemicals e.g. histamine from the
immune response are responsible for the aggravating symptoms of allergic
reactions. Histamine released in the nose, sinuses and eyes are are
responsible for sneezing, runny nose, congestion and irritated eyes.
Histamine in the skin provokes the rashes and hives associated with an
allergic response, while the histamine in the digestive system promotes
stomach cramps and diarrhea.
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The duration and intensity of the allergic
response is believed to be related to the quantity of histamine (and
other immune chemicals), an individuals genetic makeup (there is a link
between inheritance and allergies). If neither parent has allergies then
less than 20% of their children will have allergies. If one parent has
allergies there is a 50/50 chance that any given child will have
allergies. If both parents have allergies there is about a 75% chance
that each child will have allergies), and the total level of IgE to a
particular allergen.
The primary allergens that initiate the immune
response can be divided into three categories including contact
dermatitis allergens, food allergens and airborne allergens:
Common allergens that cause contact dermatitis
include the following:
- Latex
- Posen ivy
- Oak
- Sumac
- nickel or nickel alloys
Common food allergens include the following:
- nuts, (primarily walnuts, peanuts, Brazil
nuts)
- Fish
- Mollusks
- Shellfish
- Eggs
- Wheat
- Milk
- Food preservatives and additives
The most common airborne allergens are the
following:
- House mites
- Plant pollens
- Cigarette smoke
- Animal fur and dander
- Cleaners and solvents
- Household dust
- Mold spores
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What are the common symptoms associated with allergies?
Common symptoms associated with allergies include the following:
Airborne allergens - responsible for the
runny nose, sneezing, bloodshot eyes, hay fever, asthma symptoms, etc.
Food allergens - responsible for the
swelling of the lips, itching of the throat, diarrhea, cramp. Food
allergens that are absorbed into the bloodstream may cause hives,
recurrent, non-inflammatory swelling of the brain, organs, skin, mucous
membranes, etc. Blood borne allergens may cause anaphylactic shock a
life threatening condition that involves airway constriction, drop in
blood pressure, selling, etc.
Skin allergens - allergens to the skin can
cause in contact dermatitis ( itching, blistering, swelling, reddening,
etc. of the skin). Skin reactions can also occur secondary to allergens
introduced via the gastrointestinal tract or the airways (atopic
dermatitis).
Injection allergens - allergens secondary
to insect bites and/or stings will often cause swelling and irritation
at the injection site. Insect bites and/or stings have the potential to
introduce an allergen directly into the circulation, where they may
cause systemic effects including anaphylactic shock.
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How are allergies diagnosed?
Primarily via a detailed medical history.
Allergies are often diagnosed by a thorough and
complete medical history which should include at least the following
questions:
- Family history (who has had a history of
allergies in your immediate family).
- Symptoms and their circumstances (where and
when do you have )
- Habits at home
- Professional and leisure activities
- Pets
- Environment (house, garden, surrounding)
- General state of health (medical history,
prescription medications, over the counter medications).
Skin Tests
Skin tests involve introducing small quantities of
very pure allergen of known concentrations into the skin (usually on
your inside forearm or on your back) and observing the reaction.
There are three types of skin test that are commonly used:
- Prick test - this test involves placing
a drop of allergen on the skin, pricking the skin with a needle
point through the drop so that the allergen can get inside.
- Scratch test - the physician makes a
tiny cut or superficial incision into the skin, then deposits a tiny
drop of allergen inside.
- Intradermal test
- the allergen is injected under the skin by a syringe with a
very fine needle.
In all three methods, only very dilute
preparations of allergens are used to so that the reaction will be mild.
The physician can measure and interpret the reaction after approximately
20 - 30 minutes from the initial testing. If the reaction is positive,
he/she will see a wheal (tiny swelling), erythema (redness), individuals
may also experience pruritus (itching).
Blood Test
Blood tests are commonly used to asses specific
IgE (immunoglubulin E). This involves detecting the presence of these
antibodies directed against specific allergens and measuring their
quantity.
Blood is drawn from the patient and then test is
conducted by mixing the serum with particles coated with purified
allergen. If the correct allergen is presented, the IgE in the serum
will "stick" to the particle, forming an antigen-antibody complex. The
reaction is then analyzed to determine the severity of the allergen.
Some 200 different types of allergens can be used in these studies.
The advantage of the blood test is the individual
does not have to be exposed to the allergen.
Challenge Test
The principle of the challenge test is to
reproduce the symptoms of the allergic reaction by bringing the
individual into contact with the suspected allergen. If a reaction does
occur, it can be concluded that allergen is responsible for the allergy
symptoms.
However, challenge tests are conducted only there
are conflicting results with the medical history, skin tests, blood test
and other diagnostic procedures Challenge tests should be conducted in
special centers, because they may involve the risk of anaphylactic shock
or asthma attacks.
How do you prevent food allergies, especially in children?
Food allergies in children can cause severe allergic reactions, ranging
from rashes to complete anaphylactic shock. The major strategy for
preventing food allergies is to delay exposure to potentially allergenic
foods and beverages. Since newborn infants may be more susceptible to
food sensitization than older infants mothers should make an effort to
continue to breast feed their infant for at least four to six months.
Breast milk is much less likely to produce an allergic reaction and can
strengthen the child's immune system. Infants not being breast fed or
supplemented with breast milk, protein hydrolysate formulas such as
Nutramigen or Alimentum should be supplied rather than milk or soy based
formulas. Protein hydrolysate formulas are essential pre-digested
protein that have been shown in clinical studies to be less likely to
trigger an immune response.
In addition, infants should not be given any solid
foods until they are at least six months old. Then once a child is
between the ages of six to twelve months vegetables, meat, rice and
fruit can be introduced to their diets. Each new food should be
introduced one at a time to monitor for any allergic reaction. After 12
months of age milk, wheat, citrus, corn and soy products can be added to
the diet. Finally after 24 months fish and eggs can be added to the
diet, peanuts should not be introduced until after 36 months.
This dietary regimen has been shown to
significantly reduce or delay food allergies and/or atopic dermatitis,
eczema, etc. in infants with a strong family history of allergies.
How do you prevent environmental allergies?
Clinical studies have shown that there is an increased risk of becoming
allergic to certain substances in the environment when an infant is
exposed shortly after birth. This is especially true for dust mites
which are tiny microscopic creatures that live in your house. Dust mites
measure about 1/100th of an inch in length, the waste of dust mites is
the major cause of allergies and asthma.
Dust mites live in warm and humid areas that tend
to be dusty. These areas include pillows, mattresses, carpets,
furniture, etc. Clinical studies have shown that taking aggressive
efforts to reduce dust mites can significantly reduce the occurrence of
allergies in young children.
Individuals can use plastic covers on pillows and
mattresses, wash all bedding in hot water at least once a week (water
used to wash your sheets and blankets should be 130°F.). Indoor relative
humidity should be kept below fifty percent in attempt to limit the dust
mite population. Carpets, upholstered furniture or other objects that
collect dust should be removed from small childrens' bedrooms.
Unfortunately, the development of allergies to
animals in children is associated with the presence of pets in the
children's homes at birth. Animal allergies are triggered by proteins
found in the dander, saliva, urine, etc. of certain animals including
cats, dogs, rabbits and other rodents. For this reason, infants from
families with a strong history of allergy symptoms should not be exposed
to these indoor pets in an attempt to prevent allergies to animals.
Are there any similarities between allergies and asthma?
Since allergies often trigger asthma, it is not surprising that infants
exposed to fewer dust mites during infancy are less likely to develop
allergic asthma. Hence, aggressive efforts to control dust mites can
significantly reduce the incidence of asthma and upper respiratory
allergies in young children. Exposure to pets during infancy may also
increase the risk of developing asthma, children should not be exposed
to household pets with fur during their first few years of life.
E
xposing
children to secondhand smoke in the home has also been shown to increase
asthma and other chronic respiratory illnesses during childhood. Some 99
percent of infants with asthma have at least on parent who smokes.
Therefore, it is very important that infants are not exposed young
children to second-hand smoke.
Most parents are unaware that it is not just
the actual smoke that triggers the asthma, nicotine trapped in the
clothes, upholstery, cars, etc of smokers can also trigger and asthmatic
response.
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doctors than any other allergy treatment
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